See thirsten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "thirst"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thrist"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "trist"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "thrist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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{
"args": {
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},
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{
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thirst",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "thirst"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, thirst (“thirst”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þyrstan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurstijan, from Proto-Germanic *þurstijaną; by surface analysis, thirst (“thirst”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirsteth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to thirsten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ythirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þirste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "threste",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thrust",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thurst",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "triste",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thryste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrusten",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þurste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "thirsten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "thirst"
},
"expansion": "thirsten (third-person singular simple present thirsteth, present participle thirstende, thirstynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle thirsted)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "thirst",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 37 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 27 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 36 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 35 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be thirsty; to suffer from thirst."
],
"id": "en-thirsten-enm-noun-hEUE3TUV",
"links": [
[
"thirsty",
"thirsty"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"thirst",
"thirst"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive or impersonal) To be thirsty; to suffer from thirst."
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 37 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 36 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 35 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 44 29",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nutrition",
"orig": "enm:Nutrition",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To want or desire; to be eager for."
],
"id": "en-thirsten-enm-noun-JHXyM1CQ",
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"eager",
"eager"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive or copulative) To want or desire; to be eager for."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 37 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 36 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 35 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To thirst for; to desire or demand."
],
"id": "en-thirsten-enm-noun-NzKwamsP",
"links": [
[
"thirst",
"thirst"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To thirst for; to desire or demand."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθirstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθurstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrustən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrist(ən)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrɛst(ən)/",
"note": "East Anglia, East Saxon, Northern"
}
],
"word": "thirsten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Nutrition"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "thirst"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thrist"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "trist"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "thrist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "i",
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},
"expansion": "I",
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{
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{
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurstijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "thirst"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, thirst (“thirst”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þyrstan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurstijan, from Proto-Germanic *þurstijaną; by surface analysis, thirst (“thirst”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirsteth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to thirsten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirstende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ythirsted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "þirste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "threste",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thrust",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thurst",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "triste",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "thryste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrusten",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þurste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "thirsten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "thirst"
},
"expansion": "thirsten (third-person singular simple present thirsteth, present participle thirstende, thirstynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle thirsted)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "thirst",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English impersonal verbs",
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be thirsty; to suffer from thirst."
],
"links": [
[
"thirsty",
"thirsty"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"thirst",
"thirst"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive or impersonal) To be thirsty; to suffer from thirst."
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English copulative verbs",
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To want or desire; to be eager for."
],
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"eager",
"eager"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive or copulative) To want or desire; to be eager for."
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To thirst for; to desire or demand."
],
"links": [
[
"thirst",
"thirst"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To thirst for; to desire or demand."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθirstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθurstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrustən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrist(ən)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrɛst(ən)/",
"note": "East Anglia, East Saxon, Northern"
}
],
"word": "thirsten"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thirsten meaning in Middle English (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (d146717 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.